The Great Train Robbery and The Phantom Carriage: Editing Comparison

Drawing on the proof gave by a succession documentation, show how altering capacities narratively and expressively in one grouping from either Broken Blossoms (1919) or The Phantom Carriage (1921) and remark on the manners by which this contrasts from The Great Train Robbery (1903). The Great Train Robbery and The Phantom Carriage are both considered as one of the key imaginative motion pictures at any point made ever. The Phantom Carriage was very notable for exhibiting it’s propelled account development with flashbacks inside flashbacks. The Phantom Carriage would have had mechanical favorable circumstances over The Great Train Robbery since it was made eighteen years after. Consequently, both their altering strategies are significantly unique. Having made a documentation on one of the arrangements from The Phantom Carriage, the account elements of the altering styles between the two will be talked about while the distinctions are featured. To begin with, both the motion pictures comprised of fascinating cinematographic components that permitted the editors to the cut the film in the most inventive manner. For a first portrayal film, The Great Train Robbery figured out how to present many intriguing altering procedures. There were different area changes, camera developments and the prologue to the style of cross cutting was additionally amazing. The Phantom Carriage likewise comprised of many intriguing procedures, for example, the utilization of different shots from various points, camera development and the presentation of a title card to communicate the account. The succession looked over The Phantom Carriage is the starting to section three, which starts off with a dark blur to shading change. This progress consequently conveys a period change inside the story. We are then demonstrated a building up open air shot, of a man wearing a suit, leaving a tall entryway that is shut by another man who appeared to resemble a watchman. This shot restores the area as the outside of a prison because of its highlights, for example, tall entryways, the nearness of a gatekeeper, block dividers and afterward a tall structure with hall openings behind the block divider, which is uncovered after the camera dish marginally to one side as the man strolls towards the camera. The man at that point looks to one side and leaves the edge where the following cut is ade. As the cut is made before the man totally leaves the casing, as crowd, we anticipate that it should be a match cut; rather it is a hop cut that cuts into the man running into one of the houses in the road. In spite of the fact that this denotes a progress in existence, it intrigues the crowd on where the story had gone from when he left the prison, to when he got to the house. Anyway contrasted with The Great Train Robbery, the account in The Phantom Carriage is as yet more grounded as in spite of the fact that there was a bounce cut, the crowds had the option to see the man go out. The component of congruity in real life communicated the story better. The scene in The Great Train Robbery, where the administrator races to the close by dancehall to illuminate the others regarding the episode, the crowds are not demonstrated the administrators excursion to the ballroom by any means; rather the administrator looks as though he is getting up to educate the others and afterward a hop slice is made to the assembly hall where the individuals are moving. We would then be able to see another man go into the room; from the start we would feel that it is the administrator however it is another person. Because of the absence of progression, it could befuddle the crowd on what the account is. As the administrator later joins the group and educates the group regarding the occurrence, with the assistance of their overstated response to the circumstance, the account is made more clear. ‘In both account and non-story films, altering is a pivotal procedure for requesting existence. At least two pictures can be connected to suggest spatial and transient relations to the viewer’. The Phantom Carriage comprised of an assortment of shots from various edges that meant the account over to the crowd. Conversely, The Great Train Robbery didn't show any one grouping from different edges. Most scenes were appeared from one edge and the set looked showy, practically like a discovery theater where the camera is the fourth divider. Be that as it may, the account in The Great Train Robbery was brisk and straightforward as each cut implied a scene change. Much more occurred between cuts in The Great Train burglary than in The Phantom Carriage. In this way in the event that someone missed a cut from The Great Train Robbery, contrasted with The Phantom Carriage, it would have been increasingly hard for the individual to comprehend what had happened. The assortment of shots in The Phantom Carriage implied that, regardless of whether someone missed couple of shots, they would even now have the option to comprehend the plot. Likewise, having an assortment of shots, permitted the crowd to feel progressively associated with the film, as they had the option to investigate the circumstance from various points. ‘ In the great account framework, altering is represented by the n ecessities of verisimilitude, henceforth the qualities in any one movie arrangement of building up shot, closer shots that direct the look of the observer to components of activity to be perused as noteworthy, trailed by further long shots to restore spatial relations. ’ The component of progression is huge in causing the film to show up as genuine as could be expected under the circumstances. An assortment of shots were utilized to give the coherence impact in The Phantom Carriage. In the second shot from the arrangement, it is built up that the man is strolling in the city and is going to stroll into a house. We at that point see a mid shot of the man going up the steps followed by a nearby of the article he is taking a gander at. We are then reclaimed to a mid shot of him looking down. The developments between the shots are cut and coordinated consummately, meeting the necessities of verisimilitude. The Great Train Robbery likewise had fascinating moving foundation that set everything up without clarifying where the area was. For instance, the manner in which the foundation moved, while the criminals were looting, made the account more clear by clarifying the theft that was occurring in the train. This clarified the title of the film while communicating the account over. In any case, there were progression issues, for example, the contrasts between the rates of the foundation development between scenes. For instance, after the looting scene, the scene slices to a burglar climbing the motor of the train. This is an open air scene and the development of the train out of sight recommended that the burglary occurred while the train was moving. Contrasted with the past shot, the speed wherein the train moved has discernibly diminished, making the foundation developments in the middle of the scenes appear as though a bounce cut. Proceeding with the succession, the following cut is made when the crowd first observes a vacant flight of stairs, where the grouping has an additional vignette impact to he outline. We at that point see the man rapidly running up the steps in the proceeding with development from the past edge. The vignette impact caused it to appear as though somebody was watching the man’s activities through a keyhole or peep opening from another room. We are then indicated the man’s endeavor in attempting to get into the room utilizing different eye-line matches a mong him and the mat. The vignette impact despite everything causes it to appear as though it was from a person’s perspective, as the impact vanishes as soon the camera position changes in the following cut. The following cut is a converse edge shot that keeps the 180-degree rule of the man strolling into the live with the proceeding with development from the past shot. Flawless progression has a pivotal influence here as from the second he got up from the steps to where he got in to the room; all the cuts were totally coordinated with his developments. Interestingly, there were no eye line matches or perspective shots in The Great Train Robbery. The majority of The Great Train Robbery’s outlines appeared as though a showy stage where the entertainers entered in from either sides and left through those sides. At the point when the following cut is made, the vignette impact vanishes signifying that the other vignette shots were certainly from someone’s perspective. We at that point see the character stroll into the room through an entryway. The camera is set confronting the entryway towards the left of the casing ensuring that both the entryways are in the casing. As the character strolls in, the camera skillet to one side to remember the entryway for the privilege in the edge. Now, we can see all the three entryways in the edge. This second is a key second as this shows the significance in remembering the all entryways for the edge. Having an entryway on the edge consistently acquires a thought of anticipation, in discovering on the manners by which the articles behind the entryway is going to impact the account of the story. We at that point see the character run into the room, true to form the following cut is made where the physical activity of the character running into the room is finished. This smooth match cut looked practically immaculate since there were no nonattendance of coherence in the development communicated by the character. This fortified the manner in which the story was communicated, as we had the option to comprehend that the character couldn’t find what he wanted. The following match cut was likewise similarly viable as the cut made coordinated his activity. There is a fascinating mirror component to the way this short grouping from when the character came into the room, until when he left the room was shot and cut. As he strolls into the room, the camera container marginally to one side as he goes into the room to his left side. This match cut of him going all through the room is impeccable due to it’s component of coherence. The slice coordinates the shot to its underlying camera position that was utilized when the character strolled into the room at first. Like the manner in which the camera panned to one side as he strolled into the room to his left side, the camera container marginally to one side, back to its unique situation as he left the room. He t

Helicopter investigation Essay

Effectively settled, the sycamore tree produces sycamore seeds. These seeds are of an incredibly bizarre looking seed, I state this on the grounds that the seeds when noticeable all around they turn like minuscule helicopters. Because of the turning they are kept noticeable all around for a more extended measure of time. Point In this examination I have been approached to discover to what extent it takes for a paper helicopter to fall 2 meters. In the wake of doing this I will research different methods of changing the planning of its arrival. I will do this by utilizing a scope of factors. These incorporate of:  Length of wings Number of tailsI have decided to utilize the variable of the quantity of paperclips being added to the tail of the paper helicopter that I will make. I have decided to change this variable since I realize that attraction is the impact of the gravitational power of fascination, which acts between all items known to man. For instance it is broadly seen with huge articles like the planets. The planets stay in circle as a result of gravitational power of fascination. The gravitational power, which pulls the article downwards, is known as the heaviness of the item. Isaac Newton expressed that there is a gravitational power of fascination between any two articles with mass, which relies upon their masses, and the separation between them. I think with this data I can without much of a stretch say that by including an ever increasing number of paperclips to the tail of the paper helicopter it will put on more weight which will make the gravitational power pull it downwards as opposed to upwards as there is a greater mass pulling it downwards. I additionally decided to utilize this variable as opposed to changing the length of the wings since I imagined that it would have a significantly more full of feeling contrast in the planning of its arrival. In this examination so as to get the most ideal outcomes I will do the investigation multiple times. This will give me a decent scope of results and a superior outcome as I show signs of improvement perspective on the planning of to what extent it takes to land with various quantities of paperclips connected to the tail of the paper helicopter. It is consistently basic to make each examination of whatever kind it is to ensure that it will be a reasonable test. So as to accomplish this I will just be transforming one variable, which I have just settled to be of the quantity of paperclips added to the tail of the paper helicopter. Expectation In the examination which I will do I feel that I will expect for the paper helicopter to tumble to the ground in an a lot faster planning when it has 5 paperclips connected to its tail, than it ought to do when it has either none, 1,2,3,or 4 paperclips joined to the tail of the paper helicopter. I state this on the grounds that from the data that I have just been bolstered by to take this examination further, it likewise causes me with my expectation. Utilizing Isaac Newton’s law of attraction, I can undoubtedly say that with his hypothesis of articles being pulled downwards by a power called weight, it causes me to clarify that when I add an ever increasing number of paperclips to the tail of the paper helicopter it doesn’t simply imply that the quantity of paperclips are expanding however it likewise implies that the mass is additionally expanding. Making the paper helicopter fall downwards and not upwards. For what reason do I say this? I state this in light of the fact that a model being is†¦ Say if I somehow happened to get an inflatable and fill it with Helium, because of the helium being set within the inflatable we definitely realize that for reasons unknown the inflatable appears to go high up. This is on the grounds that Helium is lighter than air making the gravitational power pull it upwards and not downwards as the weight is exceptionally low. While if we somehow happened to put water within the helium filled inflatable it would be brought back downwards in light of the fact that the heaviness of the water powers the inflatable to be cut down once more. What do I expect in the diagram result? It is handily said that when a line diagram is attracted out to show the aftereffects of the examination that I am going to complete, the line should begin close to the highest point of the ‘y’ hub. This ought to be when there are no paperclips appended to the tail of the paper helicopter. Close an incredible finish of the ‘x’ pivot should the absolute last point be drawn, subsequently making the plotted focuses diminishing as it comes the ‘x’ and ‘y’ hub. I imagine that this chart expectation would go for both the normal diagram and the charts for every one of the 5 arrangements of results, which will be as of now acquired at that point. Hardware (As appeared in Diagram 1. 1) Paper  Paper cuts  Stopwatch/Timer  Scissors  Ruler Diagram 1. 1 Method What would it be a good idea for me to do so as to make this examination to the best quality conceivable? So as to get great outcomes I right off the bat need to begin by making the paper helicopter. In this trial I need to investigate the requirements of security, I have seen that none would need to be completed, for example, goggles or wellbeing shrouds etc†¦ How would I make a paper helicopter? Right off the bat I am to get a bit of A4 paper. Some may decide for the A4 to be shaded yet I will simply leave it to be plain. In our group exercise Mr Findley (our material science instructor,) has given us a data sheet, which incorporates of the remains drawing of the paper helicopter. It gives us where to cut and overlap and what estimations are included. Graph 1. 2 The chart, which has been drawn above, has not been attracted to scale. When I draw out the drawing of the paper helicopter on the A4 piece of paper, painstakingly done utilizing a leader obviously. I am to cut along and overlap along the lines as portrayed: Where the dabbed lines are indicated this is the place we are to overlay along, and where the straight strong lines have been attracted, we are to cut along them. The cutting obviously will be finished with some scissors. After they are removed and collapsed along, some may think that its better and progressively respectable on the off chance that they are to be embellish and shading in their paper helicopters! What else is associated with this examination? When the entirety of the above has been done we are to set up our gear out. Having set out the clock, paperclips, and paper helicopter before me, I am to ensure that I have drawn out an outcomes table, which I will record the timings down in. (As appeared in the outcomes table. ) I will then request a little assistance for getting the planning at the most ideal time. At the point when I went to drop/discharge the paper helicopter from my hands I understood that I wasn’t very reality dropping/discharging the paper helicopter from 2 meters of stature. Indeed I was dropping it from my tallness with my arms being set right over my head as high as I could oversee. So I at that point tried to quantify how high I was discharging the paper helicopter from, I found that with the impact points of my shoe and my arms being extended up route over my head I was really discharging the paper helicopter from a tallness of 2 meters and 3 centimeters. I left the estimation of the stature I was discharging the paper helicopter at how it was at that point, since it was arriving at where it would get very tedious. While dropping the paper helicopter out of my hands I am to ensure that I drop it while my companion is to state â€Å"GO†, this is so he can time it with exactness. At the point when the paper helicopter will arrive on the ground I will at that point shout â€Å"STOP†, with the goal that he can stop the clock/stopwatch at the correct time so as to get the most precise planning conceivable. At the point when I get results for dropping the paper helicopter with no paperclips appended to its tail, multiple times, I will ensure that I have recorded the timings in my outcomes table. In the wake of doing as such, I am to connect the principal paperclip to the paper helicopter and afterward do something very similar once more. (Drop the paper helicopter, time it, and record timings in results table. ) After each 5 arrangements of results with a similar number of paperclips connected, I am to add another paperclip to the paperclip, which is as of now positioned on the tail of the paper helicopter. I will do this until I have 5 paperclips appended to the tail of the paper helicopter. How the paper clasps ought to be set has been appeared in the chart underneath. Chart 1. 3 Results Table Number Of Paperclips first (Time in Seconds) second (Time in Seconds) third (Time in Seconds) fourth (Time in Seconds) fifth (Time in Seconds) Average (Time in Seconds) 08 As you can see, in the outcomes tables above I have accumulated every one of my timings into the table. When I had put every one of my timings in the table I was to work out the normal of each arrangement of timings. To do this I was to include the entirety of the arrangements of timings together and afterward separate it by 5 since that was the occasions I had done the trial for each set. Here are my operations out towards how I worked out the normal for each arrangement of results. Functions out for Average(s) (Please note that ‘/’ represents the division sign) When working out the, I initially got every one of my timings for the particular arrangement of results, included them together and partitioned them by 5, I isolated it by 5 since this was the occasions I had coordinated it tumbling from the air to the ground. As demonstrated as follows: Number of paperclips = 0 Timings 1Graphs/Conclusion I have shaped out a diagram to show the aftereffects of the five arrangements of results. Another chart is appeared on the following page, with the exception of this is a diagram, which shows the midpoints of each of the 5 arrangements of results, which I had accumulated in my examination. From seeing this diagram we can undoubtedly say that the second arrangement of results stand apart the most. I have re-checked my outcomes and have seen that none of the result results truly stand apart enormously, as they are all in extent. This gives me that my tests had gone very well without committing any huge certified errors. I believe that the second time I did all the outcomes, the planning might not have been halted at the correct time or possibly not began at the ideal time, causing

The National Development Policies Of Ethiopia Economics Essay

The National Development Policies Of Ethiopia Economics Essay The principle motivation behind this paper is to survey the national agrarian improvement strategies of Ethiopia during the rule of the Imperial, Derg and EPRDF drove government and the overwhelming patterns of worldwide field of advancement thinking sought after (likenesses and contrasts among) in the time of post 1974 to 2004. Ethiopia is probably the least fortunate country on earth. From its 77 million individuals more than 80 percent rely upon means agribusiness and over 40% live beneath the outright destitution line, (CSA, 2007). The nation has stayed to be one of the lamentable spots where the most pessimistic scenarios of starvation and dry season and man made issues, for example, broadened common war and debasements of characteristic assets have been watched (EC venture proposition 1998). Be that as it may, the nation has a decent asset potential for monetary turn of events. Because of these financial circumstances, different improvement arrangements and systems have been acquired to rehearse by the progressive governments that controlled the nation which had in a large portion of the cases wound up with absolute minimum effects in turning around the won advancement bottlenecks of the nation. Along these lines a decent piece of the terrible showing is clarified by strategy disappointments of the past systems by and large and the derg system specifically (EEA, 1999/2000) as sited by (Alemayehu, G.2007). Along these lines, after the breakdown of the military system in May 1991, the EPRDF drove government embraced different improvement approach changes and auxiliary alterations that included advancement of business sectors, decentralization of focal government specialists to locales, woredas and structured agribusiness advancement drove industrialization methodologies. Likewise, at the later phases of the period (2002), the administration pinpointed needine ss decrease as its critical advancement target which is in consonance with universal bearings and duties. In what follows this paper attempts to audit advancement strategies of the up to the present system in Ethiopia.2. Patterns and Development Policy Environment Before and after 1991â [1]â 2.1 Development Policies up to 1974 The majestic legislature of Haileselasie, was the main government to practice distinctive advancement strategies as Ethiopia is first African state to endeavor monetary improvement arranging (Georgi. G. 1981). Yet, the plans decided just broad patterns and likely improvement rates as they gave an incredibly summed up designation to specific divisions of the economy as of 1960s (Haile H., 1995). During this time three five-year plans were set up for the advancement of the economy with various targets and territory of needs. They were: The initial multi year plan (1957-62) The second multi year plan (1963-67) The Third multi year plan (1968-73) 2.1.1. Initial multi year plan (1957-62)â [2]â This arrangement had a few focuses on the rural division. As indicated by the assessments of the arrangement focuses on that was made in the second multi year plan, its effect on the agrarian part was irrelevant since accentuation during this arrangement period was on framework and social change (raising the degree of instruction and the preparation of specialized faculty) for the usage of the multi year program. No compelling reason to achieve crucial changes in present techniques for (laborer) creation and adhered to the sort of instruments now used(Dejene (IEG 1957),pg 45 Givers approach of this period was one-sided for urbanization vis-Ã -vis provincial turn of events. the world bank for instance, by a wide margin the biggest single wellspring of improvement help to Ethiopia as of late, distributed 85% of its absolute credits to current streets during the 1950-59 period, and nothing to the agrarian sector(world Bank 1985). 2.1.2. Second five-year plan (1963-67)â [3]â Chiefly the need center was given to industry (producing), minerals and electric force improvement, in any case, not at all like the initial multi year plan, some consideration was given to agribusiness. In this arrangement, quantitative focuses for the creation of agrarian attractive items like oats, cotton, dairy cattle, and espresso; and for the pace of development of farming were set. To accomplish the creation targets set in the arrangement three fundamental methodologies were plot: Execution of land change, presentation of devices actualizes and hardware just as basic preparing of the makers in order to raise efficiency, per capita pay and utilization to change the means economy into an adapted economy. The association of ranchers cooperatives The association of business ranches dependent on motorization IEG (1962). In any case, in the second five-year plan farming was foreseen to develop at a pace of 2.4 percent, yet it was said to have developed at a pace of 1.9 just, It was just 42.2 percent of the speculation focus on that was in reality full filled due to which a great part of the advancement programs were not accomplished, The land change strategy was totally disregarded, a reality which fundamentally represented the disappointment or more all, there was absence of progress in approach measures and hierarchical projects, which were basic for the achievement of the arrangement. In view of all these, the agrarian division couldn't create as much as it was foreseen in the arrangement. 2.1.3. The third five-year plan (1968 - 73)â [4]â This time displayed a stamped takeoff from the past plans. It perceived the significance of the agrarian area and graphed a generally clear and all around explained rural improvement technique. The arrangement contended that modernization of laborer means agribusiness in every aspect of the nation at the same time is not really conceivable, yet no time ought to be lost in causing a beginning in deliberately chose regions in which great outcomes to can before long be seen. This being the procedure, two principle approaches for the improvement of Ethiopia farming were demonstrated in the third five-year plan. These were the bundle program and the advancement of huge scope business ranches: The Package Program The bundle program followed the arrangement of packing advancement endeavors in a given zone to get the necessary changes horticulture. The training was to be constrained to explicit territories since the modernization of laborer means cultivates in every aspect of the nation all the while was expected that it would prompt the weakening of endeavors and rare assets. As per this, the execution of the program was begun in deliberately chose zones where great outcomes were normal in a generally brief timeframe. From the start the bundle program appeared as a Comprehensive Package Program (CPP), and later the Minimum Package Program followed. The CPP planned for accomplishing greatest outcome by concentrating on explicit high potential regions, for example, Chilalo, Wollaita, Ada District, Tahtay Adyabo, Hadegti and Humera and set up farming improvement units for every one of them. This program had the accompanying goals (Tesfai 1975:41) To expand the pay of low pay little holder ranchers and inhabitants and restricted the predominant pay abberations in the country zones; To accomplish monetary and social turn of events; To upgrade nearby investment being developed; To build business openings; and To weight on research, preparing, and transferability. The destinations should be accomplished through The arrangement of augmentation administrations; i.e., spreading advancements and sorting out show fields to ranchers; The foundation of showcasing associations targeting selling creation reasonably in contrast with the expense of creation; Offer of contributions through showcasing associations which would make high yielding seeds and composts accessible to the ranchers; The arrangement of credit offices at a sensible pace of intrigue with the goal that the ranchers might buy the new supplies; and Advancing improved water gracefully framework and development of instruction. Wellbeing and nourishing investigations were to be built up As a rule, the CPP has brought about the expansion of wages of laborers and inhabitants in the venture zones. The increments in wages were, be that as it may, legitimately identified with the size of the land possessions and along these lines it brought about developing separation among the proletariat. This and its tremendous asset prerequisites prompted the reexamination of it selection of what is known as the base bundle program. The Minimum Package Program (MPP) The complete bundle ventures were seen excessively expensive as copied in different pieces of the nation. It was accordingly chosen to dispatch a plan which was believed to be less exorbitant per rancher. In this manner, in 1972 the base bundle program (MPP) including just those base administrations thought about basic for provincial turn of events (for the most part compost and credit) began to be actualized along every climate street. The MPP was visualized to diminish the expense of building up the agrarian part that in contrast with the CPP an a lot more extensive inclusion could be achieved. Speculative projects were made for the foundation of around ten undertakings in chose high reaction territories every year for multi year. As indicated by the program; By 1985 it was evaluated that one million families or around 20 percent of the absolute would be reached The MPP was intended to cover 440 woredas out of the 550 woredas of the nation and this was to cover around 70 pre penny of the horticultural populace For the usage of MPP, the Extension and Project Implementation Department (EPID) was set up To accomplish the targets, the dissemination of a couple of demonstrated strategies and advancements including improved seeds, manures and ranch executes as generally as potential was imagined to arrive at the little ranchers in different pieces of the nation. In any case, because of deficiencies of labor, improved seeds and composts, the MPP couldn't accomplish its target of inclusion of more extensive territories and the expense of the MPP was not as low as it was visualized. landless and semi-landless provincial

Doubt and Uncertainty in Relation to Theatricality in Hamlet and A Midsummer Nights Dream - Literature Essay Samples

In the tragedy Hamlet and the comedy A Midsummer Nights Dream, Shakespeare presents two plays that are very different in context but quite similar in foundation. Both plays examine reality throughout the narrative structure. In Hamlet, reality is consistently in question because of the pervasive strain of doubt in the narrative. In A Midsummer Nights Dream, reality is blurred by the prevalence of dreams used to explain magical occurrences. Doubt disrupts the narrative structure of reality by leaving events unexplained, permitting us to call into question what we consider to be reality. Dreams, as part of the fantasy world, exist separate from reality. When placed into the narrative, dreams function in a manner similar to doubt by disrupting reality. Both plays call into question reality by obscuring the lines between realism and fantasy, reality and theatricality. Consequently, if drama is a representation of real life, then Shakespeare is questioning real life as well. This is depicted at the endings of both plays through Shakespeares involvement of the audience within the framework of the narratives.In the final act of Hamlet, Hamlet disrupts the narrative by addressing not only the other characters in the scene, but the audience members as well. Resolved to die, he says:You that look pale, and tremble at this chance,That are but mutes or audience to this act,Had I but time as this fell sergeant, Death,Is strict in his arrest O, I could tell you But let it be. Horatio, I am dead,Thou livest. Report me and my cause arightTo the unsatisfied (Hamlet 5.2.332-339).Hamlet solicits Horatio to tell his story, Horatio, I am dead, Thou livest. Report me and my cause aright. Here, Horatio becomes the playwright. However, one interpreter of his story is not enough for Hamlet. In the textual notation, mutes or audience is defined as meaning silent spectators (Hamlet 1233). Accordingly, Report me and my cause aright is not only directed to Horatio, it i s directed to the audience as well. Up until this point, not once in his many soliloquies has Hamlet spoken to anyone beyond himself. This is the first time that he directly acknowledges or addresses the audience. He is asking them to bear witness, to make sure his story is told correctly. This makes sense because no one else in the play is more aware of the sequence of events than the audience since they are the only ones who have heard Hamlets soliloquies. Hence, the only accurate representation of Hamlets story must come from the audience members themselves. Shakespeare also comments on the relationship between theatricality and reality by directly involving the audience in the interpretation of uncertain events.Hamlets conscious awareness of the audience has further implications. Prior to this point, Hamlet has based his actions on his knowledge of events and circumstances as they have been revealed to him throughout the play. If he were completely comfortable with what h e has based his actions on, then he would not have addressed the audience in this speech. Hamlet knows that Horatio does not know everything that he does (because he did not hear Hamlets soliloquies), which is why he asks the audience to make sure Horatios depiction is accurate. Because he enlists both of them in the act, it suggests that he, too, remains uncertain of all that has happened and doubts that just one party could portray him accurately. As his death approaches, Hamlet appears both unsure and untrusting of reality, and questioning of its individual interpretation. This is manifested by the contradictions he makes in his speeches. Hamlet says that he could tell us what has happened, O, I could tell you But let it be, suggesting that he is certain of all events (Hamlet 5.2.337-338). Then, only moments later, he says, Things standing thus unknown, shall I leave behind me! suggesting that he has accepted the fact that he cannot and will not know all things (Hamlet 5.2 .345).The ending of Hamlet is inconclusive, in large part because of Hamlets contradictory nature and the plays investment in doubt and uncertainty. Additionally, designating Horatio as the playwright questions the validity of the entire play simply because it suggests that Hamlet is the play Horatio has written. Hamlets reliance on the audience to insure accuracy in Horatios depiction of events further blurs the lines between reality and theatricality.The involvement of the audience at the end of Hamlet is similar to the audiences role in A Midsummer Nights Dream. In the comedy, confusion rests in the fact that the various characters know only what they have been directly involved in, and even those instances are questionable because of the magical qualities of the forest. Just as in Hamlet, the audience is the only witness to all of the events.Dreams are an important theme in A Midsummer Nights Dream. The forest functions as a dreamland, a place where the impossible often hap pens. The events in the forest occur without explanation, just as dreams seem to do at first glance. Characters in the play use the idea of dreams to explain bizarre occurrences they have found themselves in. Bottom justifies his confusion over his experiences in the forest by saying,I have had a most rare vision. I have had a dream, past the wit of man to say what dream it was. Man is but an ass, if he go about [t] expound this dream. Methought I was there is no man can tell what. Methought I was, and methought I had but man is but [a patchd] fool, if he will offer to say what methought I had I will get Peter Quince to write a ballad of this dream. It shall be calld Bottoms Dream, because it hath no bottom (Midsummer 4.1.204-216).Bottom tries to comprehend all that he has experienced, but quickly surrenders this goal, claiming, Man is but an ass if he attempts to explain his dream. Because he cannot understand or describe what has happened to him, Bottom suggests that it was all merely a dream, the rare vision figments of his unconsciousness.Like Hamlet, Bottom is contradictory in his actions and speech. He contradicts himself by first saying that his dream is incomprehensible, and then declaring that he will get Peter Quince to write a ballad about it. How will Quince write a poem about a dream that no one could possibly understand, not even the dreamer, because it hath no bottom?The nature of dreams is an important part of A Midsummer Nights Dream. Dreams interrupt reality because they take away the individuals control by wandering through the unconscious mind. They disrupt time, allowing what seems impossible to occur. Sigmund Freud believed that dreams are traumatic experiences because they dislocate our minds. He wrote that psychoanalysis is similar to the action of a play. The action of the play consists in nothing other than the process of revealing, with cunning delays and ever-mounting excitement (Freud 920).As a playwright, Shakesp eare was heavily invested in producing cunning delays within his works. In both Hamlet and A Midsummer Nights Dream, the action of the play is disrupted by doubt and dreams, causing the characters to become involved in theatricality. It becomes increasingly difficult to distinguish between reality and unreality as the plays narratives develop. The characters even become confused themselves. Hamlet becomes so invested in acting that he is constantly confusing real emotions with fake emotions, reality with theatricality. Hamlets investment in theatricality is brought to its peak when he decides to test the King with the The Murther of Gonzago. Here we see drama becoming the means through which reality is brought into being. Hamlet is using make believe to give birth to reality and truth.Both of these Shakespearian dramas confront the question of reality. The playwright comments on the duality of uncertainty and doubt by the mere fact that A Midsummer Nights Dream is a comedy a nd Hamlet is a tragedy. The characters Hamlet and Bottom are linked by the fact that they are both uncertain of the events they have found themselves entangled in. It is interesting that they both want their experiences to be documented despite the shroud of doubt concerning the events. When their stories have been told, how will we know that what is being translated is what actually happened? What is said of reality when reality must be expressed theatrically?Through the actions of his characters Shakespeare blurs the lines of realism and fantasy, reality and theatricality. Hamlet and Bottom are deeply invested in theatricality. Both characters partake in acting throughout the plays, questioning the reality of the narratives. In addition, Hamlet looks to theatricality in order to explain events, just as Bottom looks to dreams to explain the unexplainable. In the form of doubt and dreams, and through the characters of Hamlet and Bottom, Shakespeare comments on the nature of theatricality when juxtaposed with reality, and suggests that we would not know what real life was if we did not have a sense of drama.At the end of A Midsummer Nights Dream, Shakespeare questions the audiences reality through the character of Puck. Puck says to the audience, if the play has offended, that they should remember it as nothing more than a dream:If we shadows have offended,Think but this, and all is mended:That you have but slumbered here,While these visions did appear;And this weak and idle theme,No more yielding but a dream,Gentles, do not reprehend.If you pardon, we will mend (Midsummer 5.1.423-430).This is problematic because the audience did, in fact, view the play. Of even more significance are the underlying questions brought about by Pucks epilogue, as well as Bottoms dream and Hamlets dying declaration. Is it that easy to translate reality into a dream, or a dream into reality? Or, for that matter, can real life be made into a play, or a play into real life ? Most importantly, would we know what real life was if we didnt have a sense of drama, recognizing that everything is, in fact, so uncertain?Works CitedFreud, Sigmund. The Interpretation of Dreams. The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. Ed.Vincent B. Leitch. New York: Norton, 2001. 919-929.Shakespeare, William. A Midsummer Nights Dream. 1600. Riverside Shakespeare: The Complete Works. Ed. Evan G. Blakemore and J.J.M. Tobin. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1997. 251-283.. Hamlet. 1603. Riverside Shakespeare: The Complete Works. Ed. Evan G. Blakemore and J.J.M. Tobin. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1997. 1183-1245.

Gay Marriage Should be Legal Essay - 1123 Words

On June 26, 2015, the US Supreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry. Many conservative groups do NOT agree with this decision. The believe that gay marriage should not be permitted but civil unions should be granted to lesbians and homosexuals. On the other hand there is a large group that believes neither gay marriage nor civil unions should be offered to gay and lesbian couples and that any legal union should be available to heterosexual couples only. The different opinions that are expressed by society’s attitudes towards gay marriage continue to cause great controversy throughout the country, and should come to a halt by allowing homosexuals to wed. The true†¦show more content†¦When conversation surrounding gay marriage arises much of society feels strongly against it due to religious beliefs. Many feel that â€Å"according to the bible† it is not permitted, so therefore it should not exist. What peopl e fail to realize is that the bible also states that the many everyday activities society takes part in is also considered unacceptable. For example the Bible states that if a woman fails to prove her virginity at the time of matrimony, the men of her town shall stone her to death (Jeffrey 227). That is something that present day Christians clearly do not agree with nor do our laws allow for it. After reading versus such as that, how can one argue against gay marriage from Biblical passages that condemn homosexual activity, but choose to ignore a variety of similarly inhumane, sexist and racist passages which encourage slavery, the murder of witches, and stoning? Thus condemning homosexuality singled out by gay marriage opponents based on the bible is a completely unfair and bizarre argument. Yet there are people such as Robert Cummings who state, â€Å"God loves gay people, but he despises the sin of homosexuality. I wish there was a worldwide ban on gay marriages because itâ€⠄¢s not right† (Cummings). The common misconception that people have with gay marriage is that unless a couple has the desire to get married within a church,Show MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legal1205 Words   |  5 PagesHoward Sociology 1301-93431 Gay Marriage Getting married is something that most people do when they find love, which it is an important event in their life. The GLBT (gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender) community now get the legal right of same-sex marriage, which they have fought for throughout the years; on the other hand, some opponents of same-sex marriage have called for a constitutional change towards it. Although there were some countries that allowed gay marriage before the United StatesRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1159 Words   |  5 PagesAmendment, which puts a ban on gay marriage. 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Shortly after that a few marriage officiators and marriage licenses peopleRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1179 Words   |  5 PagesGAY MARRIAGES Some states such as Iowa legalized gay marriage through the action of judicial interpretation based on the state’s constitutional stipulations while other states such as Vermont legalized gay marriage through legislation initiatives. These cases demonstrate the government is the sole body that can dictate the validity of whatever is to be regarded as a marriage, and in this case gay marriage. The power to validate marriage is still observed among the private citizens, religious institutionsRead MoreThe Gay Marriage Should Be Legal947 Words   |  4 PagesDefending Gay Marriage During the last few years, homosexuality has become an important issue for debate. Moreover, homosexuals have taken their case further by claiming their right to marry. Same-sex marriage, usually known as â€Å"gay marriage†, is the marriage between two people from the same biological sex (Doskow1). Since 2000, eleven countries have approved the legalization of gay marriage worldwide: Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Canada, South Africa, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Iceland, ArgentinaRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1480 Words   |  6 PagesNew World Dictionary defines the word married as being husband and wife, yet there are millions of gay activists who are fighting for a new meaning. They believe marriage is more than a piece of paper and a set of rings. The hope is that marriage could be defined as a â€Å"public recognition of a private commitment† or â€Å"emotional, financial, and psychological bond† between two people (Sullivan 53). Gay activists belie ve that taking away the ability to have a publicly recognized relationship or an acceptedRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1351 Words   |  6 Pageshappened for United States, gay marriage became legal in all 50 states. In most states it already was but the remaining 13 became legal this year. There are many concerns regarding gay marriage, and the effects of them involve many legislative, cultural, religious and family issues. Gay marriage is controversial because a lot of people do not approve of it, they think it is immoral, unnatural, and not what the traditional concept of â€Å"marriage† really means. Opponents of gay marriage say it is only meant

How High School Gets Brought Up - 1311 Words

What do people normally think of when high school gets brought up? Maybe that it is boring, a waste of time, that a person doesn t really learn much even though there is countless hours invested. When it is time to graduate and head off to college one should feel somewhat comfortable and mostly prepared for college, the assignments are turned in at the needed time and normally not late, very well rounded in all aspects of school education.. Graduating from Northeast Range, that feeling really isn’t there. If it were trade school, yeah, no big deal, but going for an actual degree with all these different classes will be very challenging. There are quite a few students that are, for the most part, prepared, but those are the ones that†¦show more content†¦Is all of this because of the No child will be left behind Act President George W. Bush passed in 2001? One statement that speaks toward this paper from the NCLB Act would be, that the expectation that struggling stud ents learn alongside their peers. Some say that NCLB focused too much on standardized testing. Some schools end up â€Å"teaching to the test†Ã¢â‚¬â€focusing only on what students were tested on. This left little time for anything else the kids may have needed or wanted to learn. Some things that NCLB requires like, highly qualified teachers as well as research-based instruction and basic reporting on school results most people supported. What if it is because of the Every student succeeds Act passed by President Obama on December 10, 2015? When ESSA got passed, they kept some things from the NCLB, but added onto it. The only law that stayed the same would be â€Å"States are responsible for holding schools accountable for student achievement.† The law provides a framework but it is a flexible framework. 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Analysis of Clinical Reasoning Cycle Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of Clinical Reasoning Cycle. Answer: Introduction: One of the greatest responsibilities in case of thenursing individuals can be considered the clinical judgments. In most cases thenursing individuals are expected to take prompt clinical decisions in both the care planning and execution. Now it has to be mentioned that the impact of the care decision making can have a very severe impact on the well being of the patients. Furthermore, in certain cases any wrong decision taken in the care planning procedure can even cost the patients if his or her life. Therefore, the values if thenursing decisions are extreme and that is the reason why there have been many initiatives take in the attempt to streamline the process of clinical judgment or decision making as possible (Stellefson, Dipnarine Stopka, 2013). Clinical reasoning cycle can be considered to be one of the most impactful and effective strategic intervention that has proved to improve the clinical judgments and eradicate the issues that are prevalent in the scenario of clinical decision making. The clinical reasoning cycle can be defined as the scientific step by step process of collecting different cues of patient situational analysis, processing the collected information, identification of the care needs, planning and implementation of interventions based on care priorities, evaluating outcomes and reflecting on the entire procedure (Levett-Jones et al., 2010). This assignment will attempt to use the clinical reasoning cycle to analyse the patient situation and formulate care interventions based on the care needs and the care priorities f the patient by the means of employing clinical reasoning cycle with the help of a case study. Case scenario analysis: The very first step of the clinical reasoning cycle is the collection of the informative cues regarding the condition of the patient. On a more elaborative note, this step of the cycle is associated with the patient situation analysis, and investigation of the facts linked issues of the patient. In this case, the patient Peter Mitchell is a 52 year old man with a morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes. There have been three particular medical emergencies due to which the patient had been admitted to the health care facility, poorly controlled diabetes, and obesity ventilation syndrome and sleep apnoea. The subjective data of the patient also indicate at a few key symptoms that the patient had been exhibiting such as shakiness, diaphoresis, increased hunger, high BGL levels and difficulty breathing whilst sleeping. Along with that patient history also reveals his past history of tobacco usage for 30 years, the patient smoked 20 cigarettes a day. According to the information mentioned abov e the patient had been neglecting his high blood glucose levels and the added impact of morbid obesity. From the symptoms that the patients had been exhibiting signs of severe hyperglycemia, and he had also been at a risk for diabetic coma (Garber et al., 2013). Further investigations indicate at the fact that the patient had been previously suggested to follow a weight loss regime involving a strict low fat diet and daily exercise, which the patient refused to acknowledge because of it being too hard for him. His past medical history investigations unravelled presence of depression, Hypertension, Sleep apnea, and Gastro oesophageal disease reflux disease along with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it can be mentioned that as Peter had been suffering with quite a few health disorders and each one of them had an impact on his present condition, his negligence to follow a proper diet and an exercise regimen further worsened the condition for him enhancing his risk of hyperglycemia and even diabetic coma (Garber et al., 2016). The psychosocial information about the patient indicate that he had been a government employee 3 years ago had weighed 105kgs, after losing his job his diabetes and obesity worsened further and after the start of the insulin the patient gained far more weight. Along with that, due his abnormally obese physique and fatigue he has difficulty finding employment lives alone after his divorce. The impact of his severe hyperglycemia and extremely high body weight restricted his chances of carrying out normal activities of daily living, and as he lived alone in his house, he had no one to care for him either. However, after his recent episode of hyperglycemia and increased chances of diabetic coma helped him realize the need for making efforts to lose weight and better management of his conditions. With the absence of any advisor or family member to rely on, the patients is unsure of where and how to start working for better health outcomes which indicates that the patients is anxious, clue less and depressed. Care needs: According to the clinical reasoning cycle, the second and third stage of the cycle is associated with the process of collecting cues from the patients regarding the subjective and objective patient data and processing all the information that has been collected by thenursing professional. This process gives rise to the identification of the care needs of the patients and by interpreting, discriminating, relating, inferring, and predicting performed by the nursing professional (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). Hence, focusing on the care needs of the patients, many care priorities are apparent from the case study. First and foremost it has to be mentioned that the patient had a very poorly controlled diabetes type to the patient it has to be mentioned that obesity often leads deterioration of bith physical and mental health and wellbeing by the virtue of altered body image, related co-morbid disorders, social isolation, fatigue, mobility restriction and depression. Hence the very first care need for the patient has to be reduction and better management of his exceeding body weight. The next care need that can be highlighted in here is better management of the diabetes that the patient had been having (Vashist, 2012). It has to be understood that extreme morbid obesity when coupled with faulty management of diabetes can lead to severe exacerbations like coronary heart diseases and renal diseases, hence better management of his diabetes will be one of the greatest care need. Other care needs for the patient includes hypertension, sleep apnoea, depression, and social isolation. Two complex care priorities with justification: The clinical reasoning cycle provides the health care professional with the opportunity to sort through the overlapping care needs. In this case as well, the next step of action will be for the nursing professional to focus on the most crucial care priorities of the patient and decide on two particular care priorities that the patient will need immediate care intervention for. The fourth stage of the clinical reasoning cycle, the nursing professional will need to identify the key issues that the patient has been suffering from and formulate a care plan including the patients and his preferences in the process (Levett-Jones et al., 2010). Based on the subjective and objective data, the care priorities for the patient include obesity management and better self management of the diabetes. It has to be mentioned that global epidemic of obesity is indicative of the increasing prevalence and incidence rate of type two diabetes. Similarly without effective management of obesity the patients can lead to many health disorders like congestive heart failure, coronary arterial diseases, renal diseases and many more which can easily lead to fatalities if not managed properly. Along with that the patient had type 2 diabetes for more than 9 years and with the lack of self management of the disease coupled with excessive body weight at 145 kg, the above mentioned risks were even higher. Hence, based on synthesis of the patient data discovered from the past medical history and the investigation by the nursing professional, the choice of both of the care priorities are relevant and justified (Feinman et al., 2015). The 5th stage of the CRC focuses on synthesis of achievable goals involving the care priorities decided in the previous steps, and taking relevant actions to address the chosen care priorities. The collection and synthesis of the patient data indicates the fact that that patient did not have a strict diet plan at all; hence the very first goal for the patient will be to focus on a diet plan that matches his needs and preferences. The next goal for the patents can be a low to high exercise regimen. The patents will need to start with a low grade exercise program that will help him get used to the habit of exercise and slowly the exercise regimen will evolve to higher difficulty level to match up with need of the patient (Rueda-Clausen, Padwal Sharma, 2013). For diabetes management, the patient had not been regular with his checkups and blood glucose management; hence the first goal for this patient must focus on the regular glucose level management. It has to be mentioned in this context that the patient will need to be instructed to acquire any self operated glucose level monitoring device and should be educated to check it regularly. Along with that that patients will be needed to be educated and motivated to regularly take the medications that has been prescribed to him (Chen et al., 2012). The last two steps of the clinical reasoning cycle in to evaluate the outcome of the management goals and then reflect on the whole process. For the evaluation process, the nursing professional can monitor the weight, blood glucose level and BMI of the patient. A changed attitude towards his obesity and diabetes and efforts to change his condition will also be a evaluation outcome measurement strategy for the patient. The primary motive behind the reflection phase is to enhance the patient centered aspect of the care and whether the care approach can be refined any further to match the needs of the patient any further (Chandrasekaran et al., 2012). Conclusion: On a concluding note, clinical reasoning cycle is an excellent tool for the nursing individuals to employ evidence based practice and critical analytical thinking while caring for the patients and addressing different issues by the means of a series or spiral of linked clinical encounters. it helps effectively in sorting out the relevant patient care cues, identifying care priorities and designing care plan that will address each of the care priorities. In this case study as well, the CRC helped in identification and determination of the particular care priorities of Peter Mitchell and helped in designing care goals that are focussed and recovery oriented for him. References: Chandrasekaran, C. V., Vijayalakshmi, M. A., Prakash, K., Bansal, V. S., Meenakshi, J., Amit, A. (2012). Herbal approach for obesity management.American Journal of Plant Sciences,3(07), 1003. Chen, S. M., Creedy, D., Lin, H. S., Wollin, J. (2012). Effects of motivational interviewing intervention on self-management, psychological and glycemic outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.International journal of nursing studies,49(6), 637-644. Dalton, L., Gee, T., Levett-Jones, T. (2015). Using clinical reasoning and simulation-based education to'flip'the Enrolled Nurse curriculum.Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, The,33(2), 29. Feinman, R. D., Pogozelski, W. K., Astrup, A., Bernstein, R. K., Fine, E. J., Westman, E. C., ... Nielsen, J. V. (2015). Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first approach in diabetes management: critical review and evidence base.Nutrition,31(1), 1-13. Fisher, E. B., Boothroyd, R. I., Coufal, M. M., Baumann, L. C., Mbanya, J. C., Rotheram-Borus, M. J., ... Tanasugarn, C. (2012). Peer support for self-management of diabetes improved outcomes in international settings.Health affairs,31(1), 130-139. Garber, A. J., Abrahamson, M. J., Barzilay, J. I., Blonde, L., Bloomgarden, Z. T., Bush, M. A., ... Garber, J. R. (2016). Consensus statement by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology on the comprehensive type 2 diabetes management algorithm2016 executive summary.Endocrine Practice,22(1), 84-113. Garber, A., Abrahamson, M., Barzilay, J., Blonde, L., Bloomgarden, Z., Bush, M., ... Grunberger, G. (2013). American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists' comprehensive diabetes management algorithm 2013 consensus statement.Endocrine Practice,19(Supplement 2), 1-48. Levett-Jones, T., Hoffman, K., Dempsey, J., Jeong, S. Y. S., Noble, D., Norton, C. A., ... Hickey, N. (2010). The five rights of clinical reasoning: An educational model to enhance nursing students ability to identify and manage clinically at riskpatients.Nurse education today,30(6), 515-520. Ross, R., Blair, S., de Lannoy, L., Desprs, J. P., Lavie, C. J. (2015). Changing the endpoints for determining effective obesity management.Progress in cardiovascular diseases,57(4), 330-336. Rueda-Clausen, C. F., Padwal, R. S., Sharma, A. M. (2013). New pharmacological approaches for obesity management.Nature Reviews Endocrinology,9(8), 467. Stellefson, M., Dipnarine, K., Stopka, C. (2013). Peer reviewed: The chronic care model and diabetes management in US primary care settings: A systematic review.Preventing chronic disease,10. Vashist, S. K. (2012). Non-invasive glucose monitoring technology in diabetes management: A review.Analytica chimica acta,750, 16-27.